This paper examines whether India's liberalization of machinery and machine tools since the mid-1980s has led to the use of more recent vintages and/or better quality equipment. Empirical tests compare the weight-adjusted unit values of India's imports with those of China, and also of the USA...

This paper examines whether India's recent economic liberalization policies have led to a shift away from the relatively R&D intensive new product enterprises (NPEs) and towards old product enterprises (OPEs). The former type of enterprises had begun production under the earlier protectionist...