This paper attempts to explicitly integrate the idea of reference group when measuring relative deprivation. It assumes that in assessing her situation in society an individual compares herself with individuals whose environment can be considered as being similar to hers. By environment we mean...

This paper proposes to apply diversity indices to the study of wealth composition. At the individual level a diversity index like the so-called Gini-Simpson index would then measure the probability that two dollars, drawn randomly from the total wealth of an individual, are allocated to two...

This paper proposes a simple algorithm based on a matrix formulation to compute the Foster and Wolfson bipolarization index and then to decompose it by income sources. An empirical illustration based on EU‐SILC data for the years 2007 and 2014 shows the usefulness of the proposed decomposition