There is a paucity of research on discouraged small businesses, their reinvestment decisions, and the role of firm size and relationships on credit availability for small businesses internationally. The three essays included in this dissertation investigate these issues with a unique firm-level...

Hedgers and a risk-neutral informed trader choose between a broker who takes a position in the asset (a capital broker) and a broker who does not (a discount broker). The capital broker exploits order flow information to mimic informed trades and offset hedgers' trades, reducing informed profits...

In contrast to most other countries, Chinese foreign class B shares trade at an average discount of about 60 percent to the prices at which domestic A shares trade. We argue that one reason for the large price discount of B shares is because foreign investors have less information on Chinese...

Hedgers and a risk-neutral informed trader choose between a broker who takes a position in the asset (a capital broker) and a broker who does not (a discount broker). The capital broker exploits order flow information to mimic informed trades and offset hedgers' trades, reducing informed profits...

Using a carefully constructed matched sample of control (nondecimal) stocks, we isolate the effects of decimalization for a sample of NYSE-listed common stocks trading in decimals. We find that the quoted depth as well as the quoted and effective bid-ask spreads declined significantly following...

In 1984, Ivan Boesky purchased 1.7 million shares of Carnation's stock on the basis of illegally obtained insider information. The events and data allow testing of the impact of informed trading on share prices and market liquidity. A positive and significant relation is found between Boesky's...

We examine the effect of decimalization on institutional investors using proprietary data. In particular, we examine the time and the number of trades it takes to execute a given trading decision, as well as the price impact of these trades. We use three different benchmarks to determine the...