This document is Independent Evaluation Group's (IEG) validation of the report entitled "Enhancing evidence-based learning for outcomes through the Management Action Record: A World Bank Group Management Report on Implementation of IEG Recommendations". The Management Action Record (MAR) system...

Transport is a priority action area under the World Bank's Climate Change Action Plan. Climate action in the transport sector is essential as the sector emits approximately 24 percent of the global total of energy-related carbon emissions and, without aggressive measures, the World Bank expects...

This evaluation assesses the quality of the World Bank's early response to the COVID-19 crisis and the initial steps toward recovery, focusing on the health and social response. It concentrates on the relief stage and support to restructure systems in the first 15 months of the pandemic...

The Management Action Record (MAR) provides Management's annual self-assessment of WBG-wide progress in implementing recommendations from IEG's major evaluations to deliver outcomes in key priority areas. The MAR is an important vehicle for monitoring the uptake of IEG evaluations; it aims to...

The objective of this paper is to develop guidance for host countries on assessing and choosing their approach to participation in Cooperative Approaches of Article 6 of the Paris Agreement. The main audience is government officials in charge of Article 6 in potential host countries. Decisions...

This legal analysis provides an assessment of Ghana's key legal and regulatory frameworks for the priorities highlighted in Ghana's Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) and Ghana's climate agenda more generally. The assessment includes an analysis of gaps or inconsistencies between the...

The world needs more urgent and ambitious action to address climate change. Seventy-one countries have pledged to reach net-zero emissions by midcentury. Nevertheless, achieving decarbonization and adapting to climate change will require fundamental changes in the production of goods and...

The Kyoto Protocol has provided a common framework for greenhouse gas (GHG) accounting through its internationally governed market-based approaches. On the other hand, the Paris Agreement is not calling for the establishment of one centrally coordinated or interlinked emissions trading...

Technology is at the core of credit reporting systems, which have evolved significantly over the past decade by adopting new technologies and business models. As disruptive technologies have been increasingly adopted around the globe, concerns have arisen over possible misuse or unethical use of...

In order to promote environmentally friendly behaviors, it is fundamental not only to consider and modify already existing infrastructure and facilities, or rethink physical prompts and cues in the environment, but also contemplate and target the cognitive traits inherent to any human being....