The COVID-19 pandemic created unprecedented circumstances and challenges in many dimensions, without clear ex ante directions and guidance on the best strategies for coping with the emergency, including in public procurement. As a result, especially in the first months of the pandemic,...

The main development objective of the work has been to use the MAPS assessment tool to assess the quality and effectiveness of Moldova's public procurement system and on that basis create an evidence base for future reforms. In order to achieve this objective, the assessment has endeavored to:...

This paper is the main output of an analytical and research program aimed at identifying policy options to develop technology and social innovation driven smart village approaches that can improve service delivery and local economic development in rural areas. The concept of smart villages...

Reforming the business regulatory framework requires overcoming many hurdles, especially in federal countries. At the same time, global experience shows that a higher degree of decentralization is not associated with fewer business regulatory reforms. This policy note presents strategies to...

Paraguay is a middle-income, landlocked country with a population of about seven million. The nation is highly dependent on its transport and logistics infrastructure to connect to regional markets and international seaports. In road quality and connectivity, on the other hand, Paraguay trails...

This study reviews the implementation of the TKD program related to teachers in DKI Jakarta to identify any initial behavior changes resulting from the policy. The objective of the study is twofold: to identify the level of understanding of stakeholders regarding the performance allowance; and to...

Since gaining independence in 1990, Namibia has undertaken an economic transformation and experienced strong economic growth. Despite decades marked by progress, deep underlying challenges remain in Namibia, undermining the prospects for further advancement. Namibia has been in recession since...

The circular economy is now at the forefront of the competitiveness agenda for various industrial sectors, industrial parks, and firms. This report intends to provide practical recommendations on how industrial parks can promote the circularity of resources and strengthen competitiveness through...

Climate change and its impacts are accelerating, making it more urgent than ever to transition to low-carbon and resilient economies, as envisioned in the Paris Agreement. Achieving this will require meeting the commitments made by countries in their Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs),...

Ensuring environmental integrity is recognized as an important goal under Article 6. This paper examines factors that affect environmental integrity under Article 6 of the Paris Agreement, and identifies practical approaches for implementing the concept based on lessons learned from the World...