election held in Africa and one seriously marred by violence.  We designed and conducted a nationwide field experiment based on … randomized anti-violence grassroots campaigning.  We find direct effects on violence outcomes from exploring both subject … that the violence was systematically dissociated from incumbents.  We suggest that incumbents have a comparative advantage …

election held in Africa and one seriously marred by violence. We designed and conducted a nationwide field experiment based on … randomized anti-violence grassroots campaigning. We find direct effects on violence outcomes from exploring both subject … that the violence was systematically dissociated from incumbents. We suggest that incumbents have a comparative advantage …

We examine the impact of gender equality on electoral violence in Africa using micro-level data from the sixth round of … Afrobarometer surveys. The sample covers 30 countries. We find that gender equality is associated with lower electoral violence … correlated with a reduction of the probability of electoral violence across the continent by around 4.2 percentage points. Our …

of violent civil conflict in nineteenth-century Colombia. Empirically studying the relationship between democracy and … conflict is challenging, not only because of conceptual problems in defining and measuring democracy, but also because … political institutions and violence are jointly determined. We take advantage of an experiment of history to examine the impact …

This article introduces a static, within-country, game-theoretic model of litigated conflict over fundamental rights … the extent to which the litigated conflict over fundamental rights in the society is “constitutionalized” is decreased (i …

The Hirshleifer model of conflict is used to argue that without voluntary action to increase human security, the state … may have extensive opportunities and incentives to increase the risk of conflict in the many poor countries where central … in the ‘likelihood of conflict' sea. That energy, which is harmless and even potentially useful, can become dangerous …