This paper proposes a data-driven approach, by means of an Artificial Neural Network (ANN), to value financial options and to calculate implied volatilities with the aim of accelerating the corresponding numerical methods. With ANNs being universal function approximators, this method trains an...

We consider European calls and puts on an asset whose forward price F(t) obeys dF(t)=α(t)A(F)dW(t,) under the forward measure. By using singular perturbation techniques, we obtain explicit algebraic formulas for the implied volatility σB in terms of today's forward price F0 ≡ F(0), the...

In this paper we examine the extent of the bias between Black and Scholes (1973)/Black (1976) implied volatility and realized term volatility in the equity and energy markets. Explicitly modeling a market price of volatility risk, we extend previous work by demonstrating that Black-Scholes is an...

This paper investigates the properties and information contents of an implied volatility index based on Korea's index options contract, which is the most liquid options product in the world. Analyzing the recent 100-month-long volatility index series (VKOSPI; Volatility Index of KOSPI200)...

Trading, hedging and risk analysis of complex option portfolios depend on accurate pricing models. The modelling of implied volatilities (IV) plays an important role, since volatility is the crucial parameter in the Black-Scholes (BS) pricing formula. It is well known from empirical studies that...

This study examines both restricted and unrestricted Black-Sholes models, according to Longstaff (1995). Using the Taiwan index options for each day from January 2005 to December 2008, the unrestricted model simultaneously solves the implied index value and implied volatility whereas the...

This paper offers a new approach for pricing options on assets with stochastic volatility. We start by taking as given the prices of a few simple, liquid European options. More specifically, we take as given the “surface†of Black-Scholes implied volatilities for European options with...