refugees demonstrate that the North Korean economy marketized in response to state failure with the onset of famine in the 1990 … goods, such as the legal protection of property rights, while the political economy of reform is conceived in terms of …: efficiency-enhancing institutional and behavioral changes arising not out of a conscious, top-down program of reform, but rather …

Results from a survey of more than 1,300 North Korean refugees in China provide insight into changing economic … negative perceptions of economic conditions and reform efforts. Other demographic markers such as gender or provincial origin … the respondents were unaware of the humanitarian aid program and the ones who knew of it almost universally did not …

respect to the distribution of food aid, death of family members during the famine, and incarceration in the North Korean … the material circumstances of the refugees but also into their psychological state and aspirations. One key finding is … that many North Korean refugees suffer severe psychological stress akin to post-traumatic stress disorder. This distress is …

respect to the distribution of food aid, death of family members during the famine, and incarceration in the North Korean … the material circumstances of the refugees but also into their psychological state and aspirations. One key finding is … that many North Korean refugees suffer severe psychological stress akin to post-traumatic stress disorder. This distress is …

This study measures the degree of dollarization in North Korea using results from a survey of 231 North Korean refugees … transaction substitutes (i.e., currency substitution) before and after the confiscatory currency reform of 2009. The degree of … dollarization has advanced since the currency reform in terms of both asset and currency substitutions. Survey results also indicate …

violence. This repression appears to work; despite substantial cynicism about the North Korean system, refugees do not report …

This study measures the degree of dollarization in North Korea using results from a survey of 231 North Korean refugees … transaction substitutes (i.e., currency substitution) before and after the confiscatory currency reform of 2009. The degree of … dollarization has advanced since the currency reform in terms of both asset and currency substitutions. Survey results also indicate …

This study attempts to explain why the transition to a market economy is skill-biased. It shows unequivocal evidence on … increased skill wage premium and supply of skills in transition economies. It examines whether similar skill?favoring shifts in … employer-employee data that spans the 16 years of the Soviet and transition periods in Russia (1985-2000), with a special …

. While Russia is undergoing transition to a market economy, we find ample evidence that compensating differentials for … information about values of location-specific amenities and quality of life in this large transition economy. …

We explore the pace of increase in returns to schooling during the transition from planning to market over time across … a number of Central and Eastern European countries, Russia, and China. We use metadata from 33 studies of 10 transition …-time variation in rates of return as a function of the timing, speed, and volatility of reform processes as well as estimation …