This study recognizes that public safety organizations, including military units and fire services as well as the police, will normally be budget constrained. It also recognizes that subunits of these organizations will not always be employed in their highest priority activities. With those...

The New Zealand government (through its agency the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, MAF) seeks to mitigate the potential negative impacts of importation through requiring commodities that may pose a risk to New Zealand's primary production systems, human health, indigenous flora, fauna or...

We investigate the location determinants of Japanese multinationals in Poland using a regional data set from 1991 to 2001. Special attention is placed on the geographically targeted investment incentives (Special Economic Zones, SEZs) that were created during this period. Controlling for a more...

This paper examines how the industry-level FDI-export sales relationship is affected by the host nation’s status as an “export platform” (EP). Using Japanese FDI and export sales data into 35 host countries during the period 1989-1998 for 7 ISIC 2-digit industries, we find that the...

The Treasury is the New Zealand government’s lead advisor on economic and financial issues. Part of this advice consists of providing the government with forecasts of economic and fiscal variables. Economic forecasts are important, not only as a basis for forecasts of tax revenue, but also in...

In an earlier paper, we showed that bilateral exchange rates are important determinants of multinational activity of both the US and Japan and that increases in the bilateral and third-country exchange rates exert opposing effects on bilateral multinational activity. Furthermore, the signs of...

This paper investigates the effect of Employment Protection Legislations for regular and temporary employment on Japanese firm-level FDI into Western Europe during the late 1980s and late 1990s. We find employment protection does matter in the location choice of Japanese investors and it has an...

This paper has two main aims. First, the poor targeting of a policy of zero-rating food in a goods and services tax (GST) is illustrated in a simple model where the revenue lost from zero-rating food is instead devoted to a universal transfer payment, with a larger effect on progressivity....