Unemployment benefits often reduce incentives to search for a job. Policymakers have responded to this behaviour by setting minimum job search requirements, by monitoring to check that unemployment benefit recipients are engaged in the appropriate level of job search activity, and by imposing...

We use unique survey data linked to nearly a decade of administrative welfare data to examine the relationship between early marijuana use (at age 14 or younger) and young people's educational outcomes. We find evidence that early marijuana use is related to educational penalties that are...

This paper examines young people’s exits from joblessness using recent survey datafor Northern Ireland. A reduced form search model is estimated, allowing for a fullyflexible specification of the baseline hazard function, with young people exitingjoblessness into either employment or education...

The paper examines the time-series evidence relating to participation rates in further education in England and Wales and, using cointegration analysis, identifies a long-run statistical relationship in the data consistent with an augmented human-capital model. The recent rapid growth of...

Because unemployment benefit reforms tend to package together changes to job search requirements, monitoring and assistance, few existing studies have been able to empirically isolate the effects of job search monitoring intensity on the behaviour of unemployment benefit claimants. This paper...

This paper uses sequence methods and cluster analysis to create a typology of career paths for a cohort of British 29 year olds born in 1970. There are clear ‘types’ identified by these techniques including several paths dominated by various forms of non-employment. These types are...

A two-country differentiated duopoly model is set out in which economic integration increases firms' incentives to invest in R&D, purely through the effect of increased intensity of competition between firms. The model is extended to incorporate knowledge spillovers, which, if related to the...

We compare alternative methods for estimating immigrant wage and employment assimilation using unique panel data over 2001-2009 for a large, nationally-representative sample of immigrants. Previous assimilation estimates have been mainly based on cross-sectional data and have therefore suffered...

Following major reforms of the British National Health Service (NHS) in 1990, the roles of purchasing and providing health services were separated, with the relationship between purchasers and providers governed by contracts. Using a mixed multinomial logit analysis, we show how this policy...

The emerging literature studying the association between exposure to ambient air pollution and Parkinson's Disease (PD) so far draws mixed conclusions. This study provides new evidence on this issue using data from a large and nationally representative cohort tracked over an extended period. We...