Textual analysis, implemented at scale, has become an important addition to the methodological toolbox of finance. In this paper, given the proliferation of papers now using this method, we first provide an updated review of the literature while focusing on a few broad topics—social media,...

Public companies in the United States are required to file annual reports (Form 10-K) that, among other things, disclose the risk factors that might negatively affect the price of their stock. The risk of a pandemic was well known before the current crisis and we now know the impact for...

In the 1980s, the average first-day return on initial public offerings (IPOs) was 7%. The average first-day return doubled to almost 15% during 1990-1998, before jumping to 65% during the internet bubble years of 1999-2000. Part of the increase can be attributed to changes in the risk...

Using a sample of 2,025 initial public offerings (IPOs) from 1993-1996, we examine the relation between the divergence of opinion among investors and the long-run performance of IPOs. We focus on three opening-day proxies for the uncertainty about an IPO: opening bid-ask spread, the time of...

Do investors realize higher returns by investing in value stocks instead of growth stocks? Examination of a sample of equity indexes, mutual funds, and large-cap stocks reveals no evidence that value firms have earned higher returns than growth firms. The value premium reported in the literature...

Current measures of bank distress find marginal value in predictive variables beyond a capital adequacy ratio and tend to miss extreme events impacting the entire sector. Our paper advocates a new proxy for bank distress: sentiment measures from banks' annual reports. After controlling for...

We document by several methods that trading in Nasdaq stocks islocalized. The first evidence of localized trading is that the time zone of a company's headquarters affects intraday trading patterns in its stock. Stocks of west coast firms have lower volume early in the trading day than east...

Companies issuing stock during 1970 1990, whether an initial public offering (IPO) or a seasoned equity offering (SEO), have been poor long run investments for investors. During the five years after the issue, investors have received average returns of only 5% per year for companies going public...