The increasing role of the financial sector in the move toward a more sustainable economic model continues apace. The Coronavirus (COVID-19) shock shone a light on the need for all society to correct course, and the financial sector is responding. The pace of environmental, social, and...

The evolution of sustainable finance to mainstream finance has been motivated by a growing demand for the financial sector to play a greater role in the transformation of the current economic model into a more sustainable one. The introduction of the United Nation's (UN) Sustainable Development...

Environmental, social, and governance (ESG) investing is quickly becoming ordre du jour in sovereign debt investing. There remains, however, lack of clarity around frameworks for scoring sovereign ESG performance, industry practices, and the definition of sustainability itself. This World Bank...

The world is on an unsustainable path. Financial sector participants are becoming more conscious of the impact of their economic, social and environmental footprint. As the investor community makes progress towards integrating environment, social and governance (ESG) factors into investment...

The world is on an unsustainable path. Financial sector participants are becoming more conscious of the impact of their economic, social and environmental footprint. As the investor community makes progress towards integrating environment, social and governance (ESG) factors into investment...

In this paper we present an algorithm for solving mathematical programming problems of the form: Find x - (x₁,..., x_n) to minimize \sum \varphi _i(x_i) subject to x \in G and l < x < L. Each \varphi _i is assumed to be lower semicontinuous, possibly nonconvex, and G is assumed to be closed. The algorithm is of the...</x>

This paper presents an algorithm for determining the minimum cost schedule of tasks in a critical path network in which task cost-time curves may be concave. A computer program for the case of cost-time curves that are piecewise linear in two segments is described, and a numerical example is...

The computation of economic equilibria, given specific supply and demand functions, is a well-established problem normally treated by fixed point methods or other iterative schemes which converge to a point satisfying the equilibrium criteria. In cases where there are several points which...

There are many situations wherein a group of individuals (e.g., voters) must produce an ordered list of 'best' alternatives selected from a given group of alternatives (e.g., candidates). Standard approaches include ranked voting methods (RVMs) and methods of paired comparisons (MPCs). Typical...