Mobbing signals advertise the location of a stalking predator to all prey in an area and recruit them into the inspection aggregation. Such behavior usually causes the predator to move to another area. However, mobbing calls could be eavesdropped by other predators. Because the predation cost of...

Individuals' behavioral responses to predator stimuli may be constrained due to the needs of courtship and reproductive behavior. We tested whether alarm and mobbing behavior in response to predator stimuli was dependent on changes in reproductive behavior in chaffinches (Fringilla coelebs)....