Various research of experts prove that the existence of environmental sustainability in danger significantly. Unlike the non-ecological problems, the ecological crisis can not be ignored. Human passivity and activity in response to these problems will determine the story way of environmental...

In the contemporary era, issues that emerged in ethics is not just simply a matter of quality of one's behavior toward other people directly, but also new issues like bioethics, nuclear, technology in general, environmental crisis, etc. This paper is to discuss new issues that emerge in...

The question whether Islamic theology relevant in the modern world when faced with challenges of the various problems and/or modern crises, i.e. the ecological crisis, economy, progressivity of science, discourse of faith and reason, was forget one thing: the discourse naturalization. This paper...

In the contemporary era, issues that emerged in ethics is not just simply a matter of quality of one's behavior toward other people directly, but also new issues like bioethics, nuclear, technology in general, environmental crisis, etc. This paper is to discuss new issues that emerge in...

The question whether Islamic theology relevant in the modern world when faced with challenges of the various problems and/or modern crises, i.e. the ecological crisis, economy, progressivity of science, discourse of faith and reason, was forget one thing: the discourse naturalization. This paper...

Why Islamic tradition in Morocco and Indonesia is different? Why Islamic patterns in urban communities such as Jakarta different with Islamic patterns of rural communities? Variation in Islam is an interesting challenge to be answered. Islam, even in aspects substance, namely spirituality, is...

Various research of experts prove that the existence of environmental sustainability in danger significantly. Unlike the non-ecological problems, the ecological crisis can not be ignored. Human passivity and activity in response to these problems will determine the story way of environmental...

In explaining economic phenomena, economic analysis concentrates on selected influences and fixes the host of other factors under a ceteris paribus clause. This view, which goes back to Alfred Marshall (1842-1924), is developed in the first part of the book. Aggregation is viewed as a particular...

Life annuities provide a guaranteed income for the remainder of the recipient’s lifetime, and therefore, annuitization presents an important option when choosing an adequate investment strategy for the retirement ages. While there are numerous research articles studying annuities from a...

Even 50 years after Modigliani/Miller’s irrelevance theorem, the basic question of how firms choose their capital structure remains unclear. This survey paper aims at summarizing and discussing corresponding recent developments in empirical capital structure research, which, in our view, are...