The concept underpinning the Environmental Kuznets Curve is that economic growth results in reduced pollution in the long run. In this report, an extension of Andreoni and Levinson’s (2001) theoretical model is presented. It demonstrates that an Environmental Kuznets Curve relationship can...

This paper examines the need for liner conferences, or cartels, in international shipping, and compares investment in shipping to investment in housing, an industry which is not usually organized into private cartels. Then the paper discusses how the quantity of goods being shipped is likely to...