Domestic gardens can have both positive and negative effects on urban biodiversity conservation. We analyzed the flora of 1045 gardens in Bujumbura, Burundi. Among the 567 species identified in the gardens, 85% were not native. They originate mainly from tropical America (43%), tropical Asia...

Many nations have undergone significant trade liberalization even as they have increased their use of contingent protection measures. This raises the question of whether some of the trade liberalization efforts, at times accomplished through painful reforms, have been undone through a...

Many skeptics of trade liberalization in the developing world argue that lowering trade taxes can cause significant fiscal pressures in countries particularly reliant on these taxes and result in a reallocation of resources away from important development goals. This paper evaluates whether...

Native seed needs to be sourced locally yet contain ample genetic variation. A blueprint is developed for assembling and assessing native plant material at one eco-geographical site prior to seed multiplication for restoring degraded drylands of North Africa. To satisfy the 'local yet ample'...

We study the estimation of optimal portfolios for a Reserve Fund with an end-of-period target and when the returns of the assets that constitute the Reserve Fund portfolio follow two specifications. In the first one, assets are split into short memory (bonds) and long memory (equity), and the...

This paper examines the sources of Europe's lagging business R&D performance relative to the US, particularly the role played by missing young leading innovators in high technology intensive sectors in Europe. It investigates through econometric analysis differences in the rates of return to R&D...

We study the testability implications of public versus private consumption in collective models of group consumption. The distinguishing feature of our approach is that we start from a revealed preference characterization of collectively rational behavior. Remarkably, we find that assumptions...