Many industries with multiple-echelon supply chains suffer inventory management with costly deteriorating rates changed along with the time, such as TFT-LCD panel manufacturing industry, IC manufacturing industry, and agricultural industry, to name a few. In addition, highly competitive...

In this study, we develop a deteriorating inventory system consisting of one supplier and one buyer. The system considers supplier–buyer collaboration and trade credit. The objective is to maximize the total profit of the whole system when shortage is completely backordered. In order to entice...

In the last few decades, enterprises are trying to recycle the used products to reduce the negative impact on environment. This results in the need for reverse supply chain model especially for deteriorating items. The proposed model considers vendor managed inventory strategy and conducts a...

Solar light is a source of green energy that poses no harm to the environment. The layout of a sunlight concentrator has a significant effect on prism-based sunlight concentration systems. This study develops a genetic algorithm that improves the layout efficiency and symmetry of sunlight...