We propose a model of two-tier competition between vertically integrated firms and unintegrated downstream firms. We show that, even when integrated firms compete in prices to offer a homogeneous input, the Bertrand result may not obtain, and the input may be priced above marginal cost in...

The paper generalizes the construction by stochastic flows of consistent utility processes introduced by M. Mrad and N. El Karoui in (2010). The utilities random fields are defined from a general class of processes denoted by $\GX$. Making minimal assumptions and convex constraints on...

According to the human capital theory, health is a determinant of the economic development and should play a role in the fight against poverty. On the other side, the economic growth, by supplying better sanitation, water quality and hygiene, better education and income, may improve population's...

Microfinance institutions (MFIs) have grown fast in WAEMU surprising political decision makers. They reacted by setting up in the late 90's, a specific legislation. A legal usury rate for credits was defined fixing the borrower ceiling interest rate at 27 percent per year for microfinance...

Many stated preference studies have reported framing effects in responses to valuation questions. This occurs when respondents use irrelevant information contained in a question to help them value the good. We investigate if respondent uncertainty can explain two commonly observed framing...

This paper analyses the impact of farm productivity as well as farm size on deforestation in Brazil. A two step econometric approach is adopted. A bootstrapped translog stochastic frontier that is a posteriori checked for functional consistency is used in order to estimate technical efficiency...

Nous présentons un modèle macroéconomique multi-agents dans lequel la création et la destruction de monnaie résultent des interactions entre les agents. Il est l'ébauche d'un modèle plus complet, destiné à évaluer par la simulation l'impact économique et social des politiques...

In a digital economy which is increasingly becoming an information and attention-based economy, search engines are occupying a central role shaped by the symbolic status of Google both in terms of its renown and its dominance of internet traffic. Despite their importance, economic models and...

Cet article confronte l'explication en terme d'agence des restrictions verticales aux données empiriques caractérisant les réseaux de franchises. Nous étudions l'influence des comportements potentiels de passager clandestin sur la structure des contrats, plus précisément sur la présence...

Les filières cotonnières ont induit un début de développement rural en Afrique Zone Franc jusqu'à la fin des années 1980. Leurs difficultés financières, liées en grande partie aux crises sur le marché mondial, ont poussé les agences d'aide internationale à recommander leur...