We examine the economic consequences associated with the inclusion of covenants with similar levels of restrictiveness in bond contracts. Using a unique Moody's dataset on the quality of bond covenants, we develop measures that capture similarity in bond covenant terms by comparing the...

We examine whether syndicated loans securitized through collateralized loan obligations (CLOs) have more standardized financial covenants. We proxy for the standardization of covenants using the textual similarity of their contractual definitions. We find that securitized loans are associated...

We investigate the relation between portfolio constraints (tests) that Collateralized Loan Obligations (CLOs) have to pass monthly, CLO managers' loan trading choices and CLO equity returns. We find that stringent portfolio constraints are positively associated with the influence of CLO junior...

We investigate the association between direct debtholder monitoring via bond covenants and delegated monitoring via borrowers' corporate governance mechanisms. We find that bond contracts include fewer covenants when the borrower's corporate governance is more effective in mitigating the agency...

Using a large panel from 46 countries over 20 years, we find that non-U.S. firms issue corporate bonds more frequently and at lower offering yields following an equity cross-listing on a U.S. exchange. Firms issue more bonds through public offerings instead of private placements and in foreign...