This investigation provides evidence and identifies two important structural changes in the risk characteristics of real estate investment trusts (REITs), namely, the 1993 tax reform and the inclusion of REITs in the mainstream S&P indices in 2001. Using daily data from 1989 to 2008, this study...

We propose an ARJI-Trend model—a combination of the ARJI and component models—to capture the distinguishing features of US index returns, with the results indicating that our model has a good fit for the volatility dynamics of spot, floor- traded and E-mini index futures in US markets....

This paper applies a multivariate GARCH model to analyze the interdependence among gold, stocks and bonds price. Besides, we also examine the relationship between gold and oil price to see if gold could store value during financial crisis term. The empirical results show that gold is a feedback...

This paper uses a panel threshold regression (PTR) model to investigate the influence that energy prices have on renewable energy development under different economic growth rate regimes. The empirical data are obtained from each of the OECD member-countries over the period from 1997 to 2006. We...