Recently, there has been a considerable interest in the Bayesian approach for explaining investors' behaviorial biases by incorporating conservative and representative heuristics when making financial decisions, (see, for example, Barberis, Shleifer and Vishny (1998)). To establish a...

Introduction -- Manufacturing and Re-manufacturing Systems -- A Hidden Markov Model for Customer Classification -- Markov Decision Processes for Customer Lifetime Value -- Higher-order Markov Chains -- Multivariate Markov Chains -- Hidden Markov Chains