Does environmental regulation impair international competitiveness of pollution-intensive industries to the extent that they relocate to countries with less stringent regulation, turning those countries into "pollution havens"? We test this hypothesis using panel data on outward foreign direct...

The monograph analyzes environmental practice of transnational corporations (TNCs) at the end of the 20th – beginning of the 21st century. The study investigates into the reasons for differing environmental practices of TNCs thorough the world and in Russia in particular. The author researches...

In this study, we re-examine the pollution haven hypothesis by a fresh take on both its theoretical and empirical aspects. The originality of our work is twofold. First, we apply an economic geography model with the aim of deriving a rigorous specification for the impact of environmental...

This study investigates the role of green energy, financial development, and environmental regulations in addressing pollution havens within high-income emerging economies. While these nations benefit from rapid industrialization, they simultaneously face significant environmental challenges due...