We compare density forecasts of the Samp;P 500 index from 1991 to 2004, obtained from option prices and daily and five-minute index returns. Risk-neutral densities are given by using option prices to estimate diffusion and jump-diffusion processes, that incorporate stochastic volatility, and...

The impact of globalization and worldwide competition has become excruciatingly noticeable in China. The purpose of this study is to examine China’s transformation of state‐owned enterprises (SOEs) to competitive, capable organizations by identifying the dominant challenges and forces for...

The existing literature on social exclusion among older people, though relatively limited, suggests that disadvantage among the elderly is cumulative in nature. Some aspects of disadvantage starting at early life stages have long-term consequences. As such, older people with disadvantages may be...