Excessive accumulation of foreign exchange reserves has emerged as an incredible monetary tool particularly after the East Asian crisis of 1997 which somehow seems able not only to stimulate economy but also to stabilize most vulnerable variables like exchange rate, debts and deficits. However...

Excessive accumulation of foreign exchange reserves has emerged as an incredible monetary tool particularly after the East Asian crisis of 1997 which somehow seems able not only to stimulate economy but also to stabilize most vulnerable variables like exchange rate, debts and deficits. However...

The economic and institutional structure required to successfully adopt and implement an inflation targeting framework (ITF) is often lacking in emerging economies. This paper evaluates these structures both qualitatively and quantitatively for Pakistan’s economy.Although our comprehensive...

The mutual funds' returns, inter alia, are dependent on fund managers' performance. This makes human capital efficiency very central for consistent risk-adjusted performance. The persistence in performance becomes more critical during periods of high turbulence, like the one we are experiencing...