A system optimization of ORCs cooled by air-cooled condensers or wet cooling towers and powered by low-temperature geothermal heat sources is performed in this paper. The configuration of the ORC is optimized together with the geometry of all the components. The objective is to minimize the...

In this paper, an economic system optimization of an air-cooled organic Rankine cycle, powered by geothermal heat, is performed. The goal is to find the configuration of the ORC (organic Rankine cycle) which gives the highest possible net present value for the project. The cycle parameters, heat...

Investment in deep geothermal heating (DGH) plants is hindered by the risks born by geological and market uncertainties. However, various flexibility options inherent to the development process, such as the option to abandon or defer, could partly mitigate these risks. To account for managerial...