The objective of this paper is to empirically analyse whether sound fiscal and macroeconomic policies are beneficial to the achievement of the socio-economic development objectives enshrined in the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, and in particular whether sound policies have an...

Network industries, such as electronic communications, energy, and transport, are of vital economic importance because the infrastructure and services that they provide underpin the functioning of modern economies. To improve the functioning of markets in these essential sectors, the EU has...

The EU has experienced different options to support the emergence of champions: (i) targeted support for strategic sectors and large technology initiatives (e.g. Airbus, Ariane, HDTV and ESPRIT); (ii) a support of declining sectors with the ECSC Treaty; and (iii) an emphasis on horizontal...

In the recent years electricity tariff deficits emerged in Spain, Portugal, Greece and in some other Member States. Tariff deficits are shortfalls of revenues in the electricity system, which arise when the tariffs for the regulated components of the retail electricity price are set below the...

[eng] The aim of this paper is to analyse how antidumping policy may circumvent competition policy and even may be a substitute to industrial policy. The European steel organization is particularly illustrative. From 1986 to 1990, many antidumping cases were initiated by European steel...