We analyze a hub-and-spoke cartel in the Brazilian automotive fuel industry. Using the court documents and detailed data on the supply chain we uncover three mechanisms beyond information sharing used by wholesalers (hub) to help retailers (spokes) solve the obstacles of price coordination:...

Wholesale-retail hub and spoke cartels usually combine a horizontal collusive behaviour between competitors and the involvement of at least one hub, who operates at a different level of the supply chain and facilitates the collusion, and some forms of vertical restraints, typically RPM or, in...