Hospital emergency department boarding time, i.e. the duration between the impatient bed request time and the patient admission time to inpatient wards, is a key performance in many hospitals. In order to avoid this waiting time to exceed certain level, some hospitals including the one under...

Process flexibility has been a well-established supply chain strategy in both theory and practice that enhances responsiveness to demand uncertainty. In this study, we extend the scope of this strategy to supply disruption mitigation by analyzing a long chain system. Specifically, we investigate...