Three decades ago, ports were generally regarded as homogeneous entities that competed with each other at different operational levels. In the course of the 1990s, however, the “port product” increasingly came to be seen as a set of interlinking functions, with the port as such serving as...

Airports are crucial nodes, ensuring the economic activity in a region. This paper reports on the direct and indirect effects of a temporary shutdown of an airport. Airports can be closed for several reasons and this can have major effects on different stakeholders. Therefore, this paper offers...