Under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, discrimination in employment on the basis of color is prohibited, and …

previous work on eliminating the wage penalty of employment in female-dominated occupations to estimating the potential effect …

discrimination in the labor market. Changes in tariffs and initial employment structures are used to show that, in locations where … decline were more pronounced in regions with more employment in concentrated sectors. The effect of increased competition on … the racial wage gap was not driven by changes in returns to productive attributes, in the structure of employment, or in …

hires seed the race of future hires, consistent with managers updating their beliefs about the productivity of worker groups … greater updating about their productivity. Third, negative experiences have more persistent impacts on future hiring …