Gnutzmann, Hinnerk; Gnutzmann-Mkrtchyan, Arevik; Korn, … - 2025
Empirical models of trade agreements implicitly assume that withdrawal from a trade agreement has an equal and opposite … methods, we isolate the FTA withdrawal effect and find strong support in favour of symmetry. Moreover, while import tariffs … suggest that the FTA withdrawal led to a noticeable loss in members' welfare. …