Empirical models of trade agreements implicitly assume that withdrawal from a trade agreement has an equal and opposite … methods, we isolate the FTA withdrawal effect and find strong support in favour of symmetry. Moreover, while import tariffs … suggest that the FTA withdrawal led to a noticeable loss in members' welfare. …

Replacing car travel with walking and cycling lowers emissions, improves air quality and makes communities healthier …

sample evaluated descriptions of a town layout designed to promote cycling and walking ahead of driving. Participants were …

Research background: Cycling is considered one of the most required ways of commuting, because it generates multiple … benefits and low levels of external costs of transport. Many cities try to increase the share of cycling in the modal split by … of goods provided, what is influencing the attractiveness of cycling. Purpose of the article: The main aim of the paper …

of commuters. Cycling rates have been increasing in Ireland over the last tenyears, but there is now a large difference … factors drive this "gender-cycling-gap",with the goal of identifying policies which will make cycling more accessible to … apply standard regression techniques. Specific attention is given to the role of cycling infrastructurein increasing …