The currency equivalent index (CE) has gained little acceptance as a monetary stock aggregate because it rests upon assumptions that do not match an important characteristic of the data. Specifically, total nominal expenditure on monetary services (TE) is assumed to follow a martingale process....

In this chapter, I will examine the problems created by incorrectly using a simple sum monetary aggregate (SSUM) to measure the monetary stock. Specifically, I will show that SSUM confounds the current stock of money (CSM) with the investment stock of money (ISM) and that this confounding leads...

This paper develops a nancial mechanism which integrates housing and the real econ- omy through housing-secured debt. In this environment, movements in home prices are ampli ed through both borrowers and banks' balance sheets, leading to a self-reinforcing credit/liquidity crunch. When placed...

Bank regulators acknowledge that large U.S. commercial banks allocate considerably more resources to originating and trading off-balance sheet assets than their smaller counter parts. In this paper: (i) I show the asset concentration in these large banks moves closely with home prices due to the...