There has been rapid growth in interest in real-time transport strategies over the last decade, ranging from automated highway systems and responsive traffic signal control to incident management and driver information systems. The complexity of these strategies, in terms of the spatial and...

Red phosphor, with longer wavelength, is highly desirable for full-spectrum health lighting LEDs. Targeted red phosphors Sr 0.97-x Gd x LiAl 3 N 4 :0.03Eu 2+ (0≤x≤0.2) and Sr 0.82 Gd 0.15 LiAl 3-y Mg y N 4 :0.03Eu 2+ (0≤x≤1.0) have been designed from the initial model of SrLiAl 3 N 4 :Eu...

Purpose Tourists with different cultural backgrounds think and behave differently. Accurately capturing and correctly understanding cultural differences will help tourist destinations in product/service planning, marketing communication and attracting and retaining tourists. This research...

In this paper, a time-varying pricing model of a road bottleneck with elastic traffic demand is formulated using the optimal control theory. It is assumed that the optimal use of the bottleneck is achieved when social benefit over the whole time horizon of study is maximized. The necessary...

For studying carpooling problems, this paper presents two models, namely deterministic and stochastic, and gives the economic explanations to the model solutions. We investigate the jockeying behavior of work commuters between carpooling and driving alone modes through solving each model for...

This paper introduces a bi-objective turning restriction design problem (BOTRDP), which aims to simultaneously improve network traffic efficiency and reduce environmental pollution by implementing turning restrictions at selected intersections. A bi-level programming model is proposed to...