Using detailed data on trade and tariffs from 1992-2007, we examine how the ASEAN Free Trade Agreement has affected trade with non-members and external tariffs facing non-members. First, we examine the effect of preferential and external tariff reduction on import growth from ASEAN insiders and...

Using detailed data on trade and tariffs from 1992-2007, the authors examine how the ASEAN Free Trade Agreement has affected trade with nonmembers and external tariffs facing nonmembers. First, the paper examines the effect of preferential and external tariff reduction on import growth from...

Building on an economic model of rational Bitcoin mining, we measure the carbon footprint of Bitcoin mining power consumption using feed-forward neural networks. After reviewing the literature on deep learning methods, we find associated carbon footprints of 3.8038, 23.8313 and 19.83472 MtCOe...