Incomplete and highly fragmented work histories threaten to leave many contributors of the pension schemes in Latin America without the minimum pension guarantee or even without access to the ordinary pension. We propose a methodology to assess this risk, identify vulnerable groups and study...

Governments usually play an active role in helping the less fortunate. The results, however, seem to be mixed. Some have been considered quite successful, while others have been less so. The aim of this paper is to provide a unified theoretical framework to analyze these experiences. The...