Argentina's once strong money and banking system deteriorated in the 1920s and was devastated by the Great Depression. Gold convertibility was suspended in December 1929, even before the crisis seriously damaged the core economies. Commonly, these events are seen as being driven by external real...

We introduce a new dataset on British exports at the bilateral, commodity-level from 1700 to 1899. We then pit two primary determinants of bilateral trade against one another: the trade-diminishing effects of distance versus the trade-enhancing effects of the British Empire. We find that the...

Recent experimental results presented in Burridge and Taylor (2001a,b, and 2003) show that, as usually implemented, the Hylleberg et al. (1990) seasonal unit root tests can be rather liberal, with true level often substantially higher than nominal level. This effect is due to the presence of any...

The less-than-truckload (LTL) industry is highly competitive, with recent average profit margins less than 3%. LTL shipments are routed through a network of service centers and hubs. The performance of the entire LTL distribution network is highly dependent on the speed and accuracy of the hub...