We extend the fiscal theory of the price level (FTPL) by developing a two-country open-economy model under flexible exchange rates, where overlapping generations of consumers supply labour to imperfectly competitive firms which change their prices infrequently. We show that the fiscal response...

We examine the impact of different degrees of fiscal feedback on debt in an economy with nominal rigidities where monetary policy is optimal. We look at the extent to which different degrees of fiscal feedback enhance or detract from the ability of the monetary authorities to stabilize output...

This paper examines the outcomes for changes introduced by the UK Coalition government in 2010. The Office for Budget Responsibility (OBR) is generally regarded as a success, and should become a permanent part of fiscal policymaking. The form of the primary fiscal mandate, involving a five-year...

Exchange rates are often described as overvalued or undervalued. But how do we make these judgments, and how do we assess by how much an exchange rate is misaligned? These questions have reemerged as central to the international macropolicy debate as the dollar continues to appreciate, the yen...

Recent work on optimal monetary and fiscal policy in New Keynesian models suggests that it is optimal to allow steady-state debt to follow a random walk. Leith and Wren-Lewis (2012) consider the nature of the timeinconsistency involved in such a policy and its implication for discretionary...

In the 'overall outlook' section we explain why we think the world economy is not heading for recession. The short-term forecast is then presented in detail in sections covering the six major economies, commodity prices and trade. We then have three special sections. The first looks at our...