gaps in employment and earnings. We find that women have notably lower employment rates and earnings than men, even though … earnings gaps are higher in self-employment than in wage employment. Tertiary education and urban location account for a large … part of the gender earnings gap and mitigate high female propensity to self-employment. Our findings suggest that policies …

gaps in employment and earnings. We find that women have notably lower employment rates and earnings than men, even though … earnings gaps are higher in self-employment than in wage employment. Tertiary education and urban location account for a large … part of the gender earnings gap and mitigate high female propensity to self-employment. Our findings suggest that policies …

In this study, we explore the changing employment structure in the Russian economy since 2000. Does it change through a …

In this study, we explore the changing employment structure in the Russian economy since 2000. Does it change through a …

employment and wages. We also find that these effects are more pronounced for skilled workers and that GVC participation … of global value chains (GVCs) on employment and wage premiums in the Indian manufacturing sector. We emphasize the GVC …'s impact on three labor market variables: (i) employment, (ii) the wage premium among skilled, unskilled, male, and female …

effect on wages conditional on employment. The employment effect appears to be due to the effect of differences in the … and find that a ten-percentage-point increase in the initial conational share lowers employment rates by 3.1 percentage …