and risk premium being actuarially fair). These two sources of aggregate volatility reduce growth through independent … channels; the probability of a run reduces the average return on the entrepreneur's projects, whereas the volatility R 2 r on … and Different Volatility Measures Dependent variable: GDP per capita growth Regression 1 Log of initial GDP per capita …

the main source of income. Yet some in this debate have argued that, given the extreme volatility in agricultural …

political competition (electoral volatility, vote switching, and voters’ availability) and their relation to each other. We … argue that electoral volatility and vote switching as indicators of electoral competitiveness tend to misestimate the degree … electoral volatility and vote switching in the framework of necessary and sufficient conditions. Our regression results show …

nature of shock transmission-contemporaneous or delayed-changes during market instability, how quickly price and volatility …