This paper analyzes the self-identification process and its role in motivation. We build a model of self-confidence where people have imperfect knowledge about their ability, which in most tasks is a complement to effort in determining performance. High self-confidence thus enhances motivation,...

This paper studies the interactions between an individual's self-esteem and his social environment, whether in the workplace, at school, or in personal relationships. A person generally has only imperfect knowledge of his own ability (or long-term payoff) in pursuing a task, and will undertake...