Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to improve the measurement of nominal level and actual strength of China's intellectual property protection (IPP), and examine whether the increase of actual protection strength (APS) is positive or negative impact on China's provincial economic growth....

Can you trade economic efficiency for resilience? We answer this question by constructing a multi-country, multi-sector general equilibrium model that separates trade of intermediate and final products, and introduces stochastic productivity shocks. It is used to analyze U.S. policies after the...