The EU champions free trade. With every €1 billion in exports supporting 14 000 jobs in Europe, the EU fights for open markets, a level playing field and the highest international standards. This factsheet is part of the publication 'The European Union: what it is and what it does'.

This paper examines the relationship between countries’ bilateral trade with the United States that is not due to gravity (non-gravity trade) and the distribution of income within countries. In countries where only a small share of the population is educated, an increase in non-gravity trade...