Credit ratings issued by international agencies are extensively used in practice to support investment and financing decisions. Furthermore, a considerable portion of the financial research has been devoted to the analysis of credit ratings, in terms of their effectiveness, and practical...

Credit risk refers to the likelihood that a firm or individual borrower will fail to meet a debt obligation. Credit risk evaluation is a very challenging and important problem in the domain of financial risk management. There are different methods and approaches for constructing credit risk...

This paper reproduces the performance of two international shipping stock indexes and two physical shipping indexes by investing only in stock portfolios that our algorithms determine. In our analysis, we use daily stock data and address the index-tracking problem with the differential evolution...

The recent crisis highlighted, once again, the importance of early warning models to assess the soundness of individual banks. In the present study, we use six quantitative techniques originating from various disciplines to classify banks in three groups. The first group includes very strong and...

Risk a basic parameter of portfolio selection and its modelling involves some difficulties. Thus, more and more researchers try to find a solution to this problem proposing other measures than the classic ones used in portfolio selection. On the other hand, Multicriteria Decision Aid has known a...

We present a new approach to evaluation of bankruptcy risk of firms based on the rough set theory. The concept of a rough set appeared to be an effective tool for the analysis of information systems representing knowledge gained by experience. The financial information system describes a set of...