It is pointed out that two contradictory definitions of fractional Brownian motion are well established, one prevailing in the probabilistic literature, the other in the econometric literature. Each is associated with a different definition of nonstationary fractional time series. These various...

This paper presents the development of a new stochastic multidimensional (scaling) unfolding (Coombs 1964) methodology which operates on paired comparison consumer preference or choice data and renders a spatial representation of both consumers and the products or brands they choose. Consumers...