This paper proposes a method for solving stochastic multiple criteria decision making (MCDM) problems, where evaluations of alternatives on considered criteria are random variables with known probability density functions or probability mass functions. Probabilities on all possible results of...

ABSTRACT This research paper focused on the corporate restructuring of Nippon Telegraph Telecommunication (NTT Group) under the pure holding company structure in 1999 and its implications. In order to understand the holding company structure, we introduced the concept of "internal capital...

Our study provides empirical evidence for matching functions with three heterogeneous groups of job seekers in China, and bridges the gap of matching function estimation of the Chinese labor market. We find that the effects of non-unemployed job seekers in the empirical matching process for...

The authors examine the experience of selected central banks that have used large-scale balance-sheet expansion, frequently referred to as “quantitative easing,” as a monetary policy instrument. The case studies focus on central banks responding to the recent financial crisis and Nordic...

Holiday sales are expected to be weak again this year even though the economy and financial markets are improving. Shoppers are especially reluctant to use credit cards for holiday purchases. According to the National Retail Federation's 2009 Consumer Intentions and Action Survey, only 28.3...

The cleanup cost of the April 2010 BP oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico is estimated at $6 billion, not including the economic damage to the fishing and tourism industries, which will likely add several billion more. Proponents of stricter environmental regulation believe such catastrophes could...

Based on the sustainable development model of Van Horne extended dynamic equilibrium and the structural equation model, this paper uses the signed rank test of Wilcoxon to judge whether the automobile manufacturing enterprises achieve sustainable development or not. Furthermore, it tests the...

This study sheds light on the dynamic of China's urban labor market during the period 1991-2009, focusing on job creation, job destruction, worker inflows, and worker outflows. We used worker-related data for all industries, including reallocations between firms and within firms. We found that...

We compare groundwater use under collective well management in China, where village leaders allocate water among households, and under private well management where farmers either pump from their own wells or buy water from wells owned by other farmers. Villages are divided into connected or...