This paper studies a pricing and production problem in a dual-channel supply chain when production costs are disrupted. When a production cost disruption occurs, the original production plan which is designed based on the initially estimated production cost needs to be revised. It is necessary...

Some distinguished types of voters, as vetoes, passers or nulls, as well as some others, play a significant role in voting systems because they are either the most powerful or the least powerful voters in the game independently of the measure used to evaluate power. In this paper we are...

This paper discusses and extends some competitive aspects of the games proposed in an earlier work, where a robust railway network design problem was proposed as a non-cooperative zero-sum game in normal form between a designer/operator and an attacker. Due to the importance of the order of play...

Guided by game theory we develop a model to explain behavioral equilibria under uncertainty and interaction with the spot market on balancing markets. We offer some insights for the general model and derive explicit solutions for a specific model in which the error distributions and pricing...

In this article, the authors undertake a scientific assessment of economic integration in North America from a NAFTA perspective. An analysis around the creation of NAFTA, the cooperation that exists between the three North American economies, as well as the challenges that they face with...

Felipe Pérez Martí, who was the Venezuelan Minister of Planning and Development in the government of Hugo Chávez, proposes an economic model that he calls the altruistic economy or fourth way, which leads cooperative game theory to its logical extremes postulating a pure communism. Here we...

In this paper, we consider a seller–buyer channel in which marketing expenditure is an endogenous decision for the buyer. We assume that both the unit marketing expenditure and the unit price charged by the buyer influence the end demand for the product. We model the seller–buyer...

This research complements demand side analysis of previous commodity bundling studies in which oligopoly models and game theory were used. According to demand side analysis, this study proposes the use of discrete-continuous consumption behavior applied to a commodity bundling model that...

As the world's largest carbon resources country with relatively great carbon emission, China in has just started its carbon trade. China is only a passive participant in international carbon trading market, rarely participating in the project of Clean Development Mechanism (CDM). Therefore,...

The PERT (Program Evaluation Review Technique) is a operational research tool used to schedule and coordinate activities in a complex project. We present two values for measuring the importance of each activity. Both values are obtained through an axiomatic characterization using three...