the Australian parliament in 2011. To "raise" the height of the inventiveness requirement for the second-tier patent …

designs. The Italian, European and International patenting procedures are described in details. The patentability requirements … patent searches and an in-depth description of the main patent classification systems are also provided. When judging whether …

A great deal has been said in recent years about patent disclosure. But to say that there is a disclosure function in … the patent system implies that there is non-disclosure functioning in the patent system as well. For some information to … be disclosed in a patent, other information must go undisclosed; for some things to be included, other things must be …

We develop a Schumpeterian growth model to analyze the interaction between patent policy and firms’ internal strategies … to capture value from innovations. We consider two dimensions of patent policy: backward protection against imitation and … forward protection, also known as blocking patents, against subsequent innovation that builds on a patented technology …

obtain new-use patents to repurpose old drugs. This trend has fueled debates over follow-on innovation and patent quality …A bedrock principle of patent law is that old inventions cannot be patented. And a new use for an old invention does … not render the old invention patentable. This is because patent law requires novelty—an invention must be new. But while a …

This chapter summarizes historical evidence on the link between patent laws and innovation. Earlier historical analyses … have emphasized the importance of patent laws in encouraging innovation. Data on exhibits at international technology fairs … that non-patent mechanisms may play an important role in encouraging innovation. They also show that inventors’ dependency …

economic areas: USA, Japan and Europe. In each economic area, we exploit information from two international patent offices data …, the United States Patent and Trademarks Office data and the European Patent Office data. In this way, we can investigate … the existing literature is that we introduce a patent inventors approach to measure the proximity between the firms …

biotech industry may be closing the gap in early-stage patenting. This article suggests two ways to improve our patent system …The Federal Trade Commission's 2003 innovation report revealed an interesting fact: the pharmaceutical industry is … largely satisfied with today's patent system while the electronics, software and Internet industries are not. This article …

It is a crucial function of patent examination to make the patent scope consistent with the contribution of the … invention to the state of the art. We assess this function using newly developed data on the scope of Japanese patent …