The paper introduces a new type of shrinkage estimation that is not based on asymptotic optimality but uses artificial intelligence (AI) techniques to shrink the sample eigenvalues. The proposed AI Shrinkage estimator applies to both linear and nonlinear shrinkage, demonstrating improved...

Relaxation and Decomposition -- Simplifying via Reformulation, Approximation, and Relaxation -- Approximating and Relaxing Optimization Problems -- Learning-Assisted Relaxations and Approximations -- Solving Optimization Problems with Complicating Variables -- Solving Optimization Problems via...