This work aims to contribute to the contingency view of the relationships between social protection and economic performances, by exploring under what conditions social expenditure is productivity-enhancing or not. Well-designed welfare states and fit socio-economic contexts can yield direct and...

This paper analyzes gasoline consumption per capita, income (GDP per capita), gasoline price, and car ownership per capita for a panel of OECD countries by employing panel unit root and cointegration testing, panel Dynamic and Fully Modified OLS estimations, and panel Granger-causality tests....

This paper focuses on several different measures of OECD countries’ energy intensity levels, plots their trends, applies a number of techniques to determine whether those intensities are converging, explores the importance of that convergence, and estimates the future steady-state or long-run...

We conduct a comprehensive international study of predictability in housing markets using the rent-price ratio as a predictive variable. On data from 18 OECD countries we generally find return predictability in accordance with time-varying risk-premia, but we also document two puzzles. First,...

Logistic sector, which is considered as an important interface of increased international trade in consequence of globalization, plays an important role on countries’ economic growth and development. A development in logistic sector facilitates the international trade, increases the...

This paper examines the role of bank ownership structure on capital structure by [using the financial and ownership data from Caprio et al. (2007) that covered 244 banks across 44 countries]. We classified banks across the countries with geographical regional dummies indicating if the banks are...

The combination way of component efficiencies into the overall efficiency is a central topic in the efficiency modeling of network systems based on data envelopment analysis (DEA). In terms of the feature and advantage of DEA modeling as the multiplier generation on inputs/outputs, it is...

This paper investigates the effect of the customs union between Turkey and the European Union on the balance of trade in Turkey. The framework for analysis is an extended trade gravity model onto which the impact of the customs union is applied. The gravity model of trade is estimated using...

This paper tests for a carbon Kuznets curve (CKC) by examining the carbon emissions per capita-GDP per capita relationship individually, for 23 OECD countries over 1950-2010 using a reduced-form, linear model that allows for multiple endogenously determined breaks. This approach addresses...